H:
Well Tuesday it was still raining but we´re a bit fed up of being cooped up so we decided to do a favela tour. We were a bit unsure about doing one of these because we didn´t want it to just be a voyeuristic tour, looking at someone else´s misery. We were very lucky and had a brilliant guide and it was one of the most interesting tours we´ve done. So here is a geography/sociology/politics lesson for you.
There are about 752 favelas in Rio, and many more across Brazil and South America. Of the 10m people living in Rio City, 20% of these live in favelas, which are mostly on hill sides surrounding the city. They have a reputation of being very bad, poor and violent places, full of drugs. The people of the city of Rio don´t want anything to do with them and are actually very scared of them. Each favela is run by a drug lord, and a heirarchy of men who create their own rules. Everyone in the community must live by these rules or they are punished. Which all sounds very bad but I got the impression that actually these favelas are well run by the drug lords, and they really do care for the people in their communities. They don´t want any trouble because they don´t want there to be any reason for the police to enter the favela. Most of the problems are due to drugs and turf wars.
Rio is known as the `City of Contrasts´ and the drive alone into the favelas showed that. We went first to Vila Canoas - the largest favela in Rio. The entrance to the favela was opposite the most expensive school in Rio. The minimum wage for someone from a favela is R$350 (c£87) a month which is crazy given we´re finding things are at nearly English prices. The school fees are R$1000 a month. And there are expensive houses on the outskirts of all the favelas - many with electrical fences on cameras which our guide thought was unnecessary - would they really steal from a house right outside where they live? We went up to the roof of one house to look out over the favela and just at the bottom of the hill was the beach and a golf course.
The police also cause massive problems. There are look-out boys stationed all over the favelas who set off fireworks if they see a police car enter the favela. Many of the police are corrupt and will take bribes, or shoot unnecessarily. Our guide said we would be perfectly safe on the tour as long as no police entered the favela. If a police car drove in, we would need to get out quickly. How backwards is that?
There are police cars stationed every day at the entrances to the favelas, although what they are there for we´re not sure given how unwelcome they are. And just behind one police car is what´s known as the `drive through´ drug alley where the middle class people from the city (including apparently many people in high places) go to get their drugs, without having to enter too far into the favela.
We asked how the people of the favelas felt about us being there and she said they encouraged it. Many of them want to be more accepted by the people of Rio, and this may be one way of helping that. It also helps them as some of them who can´t read or write, are picking up odd words of English and French and it is one of the few chances they have to meet people of a different culture. Our guide said she often felt safer walking through a favela than down the beach at Copacabana. The bad people from the favelas do not steal from others there as they are also poor, but instead come down into the city and steal from people living there.
The favelas are also in a strange way, very nice to look at. They couldn´t be designed - they are too intricate. They have grown from a few houses scattered around, to being hap-hazard rooms being built on top of each other, and in spaces. There are no spaces for roads, just some steps going up and down between the rooms. In the second favela we went to (Rocinha, who share the same drug lord as Vila Canoas) we walked for a while through the favela. It would be so so easy to get lost if you didn´t know the way - there were steps leading everywhere and in many places it felt like you were walking through a tunnel or underground passageway.
It seems that these places just need help and input from the government. It sounds like they just close their eyes to many of the problems and so they just get worse. There are infact a lot of very talented people who live in the favelas, who don´t have the chances and opportunities to make something of themselves. A local actor did a few acting classes in the favelas which were so popular that there is now a little drama school there. And many of the actors for the film City of God, were taken from the favelas. Many famous footballers started life in the favelas, including Ronaldo, Romario and Dunga (I´d only heard of the first guy).
To show the corruption, somehow when people are arrested and put in jail, others from their favela bribe officials to let them have a mobile phone or visitors. Apparently all the violence in Sao Paulo is being run by the main drug lord of the area, who is currently in a ¨maximum security¨ prison...
Ok, am now off the soap box...
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